Mast Cell Stain (Aldehyde Fuchsin-Orange G Method)

Principle of Mast Cell Stain

Using aldehyde fuchsin is made simple when it is combined with mucopolysaccharide material, which contains sulfate groups of mucopolysaccharides, and heparins, which contain nucleic acids and carboxyl groups, so it is easy to color and create complexes.

Main Components

The reagent used in this staining technique consists of two primary ingredients:

• Aldehyde fuchsin solution: This solution contains Basic fuchsin as the active component.
• Orange G solution: The Orange G solution comprises Orange G as the main ingredient.

Sample Requirements

In order to prevent the formation of bacteria, tissues should be fast-fixed and destroyed if they are stored for a long period of time.

Test Procedure

The following steps outline the staining procedure:

• Dewax the tissue slices routinely and wash them with distilled water.
• Perform a slight wash with 75% ethanol.
• Apply Aldehyde fuchsin solution for staining, allowing it to act for 10 to 15 minutes. After that, differentiate with 75% ethanol to remove excess stain solution and wash gently with water.
• Drop Orange G solution for staining, and allow it to stay for about 3 to 5 seconds. Follow with a gentle water wash.
• Perform conventional dehydration and transparency steps, finally sealing the samples with neutral resin.

Result Interpretation

After the staining process, different components exhibit distinct colors under observation:

• Mast cell granules: Appear as purple-red to dark purple.
• Elastic fibers: Display a deep purple color.
• Red blood cells: Exhibit a fresh orange-yellow hue.
• The remaining tissue: Shows a light yellow tint.

Precautions

• To ensure the success of mast cell staining, it is crucial to work with fresh tissues and conduct quick fixation.
• This reagent should be handled and used by professionals who can accurately interpret the results. It is essential to carefully read and follow the instruction manual before usage and adhere to the validity period and personal hygiene precautions.
• After usage, dispose of waste according to the hospital or environmental protection department’s guidelines.
• The outer packaging of the reagent indicates the production date, production batch number, and expiration date.

References

• Chinese Medical Association. Pathology volumes [M]: clinical technical operating specifications. People’s Military Medicals Publishing House.
• Ling Qibo. Practical pathology special staining and histochemistry technology [M]. Guangdong Higher Education Press.

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